Youth Substance  Use: State Estimates From the 1999 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse

Appendix I: Risk and Protective Factor Constructs

Peer Antisocial Behavior: Based on an average of the following six NHSDA questions.

YE18b During the past 12 months, how many times have you gotten into a serious fight at school or work?

1     0 times

2      1 or 2 times

3      3 to 5 times

4      6 to 9 times

5      10 or more times

DK/REF

YE18c During the past 12 months, how many times have you taken part in a fight where a group of your friends fought against another group?

1     0 times

2      1 or 2 times

3      3 to 5 times

4      6 to 9 times

5      10 or more times

DK/REF

YE18d During the past 12 months, how many times have you carried a handgun?

1     0 times

2      1 or 2 times

3      3 to 5 times

4      6 to 9 times

5      10 or more times

DK/REF

YE18e During the past 12 months, how many times have you sold illegal drugs?

1     0 times

2      1 or 2 times

3      3 to 5 times

4      6 to 9 times

5      10 or more times

DK/REF

YE18f During the past 12 months, how many times have you stolen or tried to steal anything worth more than $50?

1     0 times

2      1 or 2 times

3      3 to 5 times

4      6 to 9 times

5      10 or more times

DK/REF

YE18g During the past 12 months, how many times have you attacked someone with the intent to seriously hurt them?

1     0 times

2      1 or 2 times

3      3 to 5 times

4      6 to 9 times

5      10 or more times

DK/REF

Favorable Attitudes Toward Drug Use: Based on an average of the following three items.

YE19a How do you feel about someone your age smoking one or more packs of cigarettes a day?

1    Neither approve nor disapprove

2     Somewhat disapprove

3     Strongly disapprove

DK/REF

YE19b How do you feel about someone your age trying marijuana or hashish once or twice?

1    Neither approve nor disapprove

2     Somewhat disapprove

3     Strongly disapprove

DK/REF

YE19c How do you feel about someone your age having one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

1    Neither approve nor disapprove

2     Somewhat disapprove

3     Strongly disapprove

DK/REF

Peer Attitudes Favorable Toward Drug Use: Based on an average of the following three items.

YE20a How do you think your close friends would feel about you smoking one or more packs of cigarettes a day?

1    Neither approve nor disapprove

2     Somewhat disapprove

3     Strongly disapprove

DK/REF

YE20b How do you think your close friends would feel about you trying marijuana or hashish once or twice?

1    Neither approve nor disapprove

2     Somewhat disapprove

3     Strongly disapprove

DK/REF

YE20c How do you think your close friends would feel about you having one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

1    Neither approve nor disapprove

2     Somewhat disapprove

3     Strongly disapprove

DK/REF

Peer Drug Use: Based on an average of the following four items.

YE21a How many of your friends would you say smoke cigarettes?

1      None of them

2      A few of them

3      Most of them

4      All of them

DK/REF

YE21b How many of your friends would you say use marijuana or hashish?

1      None of them

2      A few of them

3      Most of them

4      All of them

DK/REF

YE21c How many of your friends would you say drink alcoholic beverages?

1      None of them

2      A few of them

3      Most of them

4      All of them

DK/REF

YE21d How many of your friends would you say get drunk at least once a week?

1      None of them

2      A few of them

3      Most of them

4      All of them

DK/REF

Problems Due to Use of Cigarettes

DR02a [IF CG05 = 1 OR CG06 = 1] During the past 12 months, did you have a period of a month or more when you spent a great deal of time getting, using, or getting over the effects of cigarettes?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR03a [IF CG05 = 1 OR CG06 = 1] During the past 12 months, have you smoked cigarettes much more often or have you smoked more cigarettes than you intended to?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR04a [IF CG05 = 1 OR CG06 = 1] During the past 12 months, have you built up a tolerance for cigarettes so that the same number had less effect than before?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR05a [IF CG05 = 1 OR CG06 = 1] During the past 12 months, has smoking cigarettes often kept you from working, going to school, taking care of children, or taking part in recreational activities?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR06a [IF CG05 = 1 OR CG06 = 1] During the past 12 months, has smoking cigarettes caused you to have any emotional or psychological problems - such as feeling uninterested in things, feeling depressed, feeling suspicious of people, feeling paranoid, or having strange ideas?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR07a [IF CG05 = 1 OR CG06 = 1] During the past 12 months, has smoking cigarettes caused you to have any health problems?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR08a [IF CG05 = 1 OR CG06 = 1] During the past 12 months, did you want to or try to stop or cut down on your cigarette smoking but found that you couldn't?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

Problems Due to the Use of Alcohol

DR02b [IF 12 MONTH ALCOHOL USE = 1] During the past 12 months, did you have a period of a month or more when you spent a great deal of time getting, using, or getting over the effects of alcohol?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR03b [IF 12 MONTH ALCOHOL USE = 1] During the past 12 months, have you used alcohol much more often or in larger amounts than you intended to?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR04b [IF 12 MONTH ALCOHOL USE = 1] During the past 12 months, have you built up a tolerance for alcohol so that the same amount had less effect than before?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR05b [IF 12 MONTH ALCOHOL USE = 1] During the past 12 months, has your use of alcohol often kept you from working, going to school, taking care of children, or taking part in recreational activities?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR06b [IF 12 MONTH ALCOHOL USE = 1] During the past 12 months, has your use of alcohol caused you to have emotional or psychological problems - such as feeling uninterested in things, feeling depressed, feeling suspicious of people, feeling paranoid, or having strange ideas?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR07b [IF 12 MONTH ALCOHOL USE = 1] During the past 12 months, has your use of alcohol caused you to have any health problems?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR08b [IF 12 MONTH ALCOHOL USE = 1] During the past 12 months, did you want to or try to stop or cut down on your use of alcohol but found that you couldn't?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

Problems Due to the Use of Marijuana

DR02c [IF 12 MONTH MJ USE = 1] During the past 12 months, did you have a period of a month or more when you spent a great deal of time getting, using, or getting over the effects of marijuana or hashish?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR03c [IF 12 MONTH MJ USE = 1] During the past 12 months, have you used marijuana or hashish much more often or in larger amounts than you intended to?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR04c [IF 12 MONTH MJ USE = 1] During the past 12 months, have you built up a tolerance for marijuana or hashish so that the same amount had less effect than before?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR05c [IF 12 MONTH MJ USE = 1] During the past 12 months, has your use of marijuana or hashish often kept you from working, going to school, taking care of children, or taking part in recreational activities?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR06c [IF 12 MONTH MJ USE = 1] During the past 12 months, has your use of marijuana or hashish caused you to have emotional or psychological problems - such as feeling uninterested in things, feeling depressed, feeling suspicious of people, feeling paranoid, or having strange ideas?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR07c [IF 12 MONTH MJ USE = 1] During the past 12 months, has your use of marijuana or hashish caused you to have any health problems?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

DR08d [IF 12 MONTH MJ USE = 1] During the past 12 months, did you want to or try to stop or cut down on your use of marijuana or hashish but found that you couldn't?

1      Yes

2      No

DK/REF

This page was last updated on June 03, 2008.

SAMHSA, an agency in the Department of Health and Human Services, is the Federal Government's lead agency for improving the quality and availability of substance abuse prevention, addiction treatment, and mental health services in the United States.